At first glance you might mistake a bell-mouth spillway for a watery vortex into another dimension. What can only be described as a giant hole in the water is actually a method for controlling the release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area. These spillways help prevent floods from ‘dam’-aging or destroying a dam.

Photograph by The Cat’s Place


SPILLWAYS

- A spillway is a structure used to provide for the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically being the river that was dammed
- Spillways release floods so that the water does not overtop and damage or even destroy the dam. Except during flood periods, water does not normally flow over a spillway
- In contrast, an intake is a structure used to release water on a regular basis for water supply, hydroelectricity generation, etc.
- Floodgates and fuse plugs may be designed into spillways to regulate water flow and dam height
- Other uses of the term “spillway” include bypasses of dams or outlets of a channels used during highwater, and outlet channels carved through natural dams such as moraines

Photograph by Jon Bradbury

Photograph by Traqopodaros


BELL-MOUTH SPILLWAYS

- Some spillways are designed like an inverted bell so that water can enter all around the perimeter. These uncontrolled spillway devices are also called: morning glory, plughole, glory hole, or bell-mouth spillways
- In areas where the surface of the reservoir may freeze, bell-mouth spillways are normally fitted with ice-breaking arrangements to prevent the spillway from becoming ice-bound

Photograph by David Wilby

Photograph by Buster Bakewell


LADYBOWER RESEVOIR

- The images above are from the spillways located at the Ladybower Resevoir
- The Ladybower Reservoir is a large Y-shaped reservoir, the lowest of three in the Upper Derwent Valley in Derbyshire, England
- The River Ashop flows into the reservoir from the west; the River Derwent flows south, initially through Howden Reservoir, then Derwent Reservoir, and finally through Ladybower Reservoir
- Its longest dimension is just over 3 miles (5km), and at the time of construction it was the largest reservoir in Britain (1943)

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation


MONTICELLO DAM

- The Monticello Dam is a dam in Napa County, California, United States constructed between 1953 and 1957
- It is a medium concrete-arch dam with a structural height of 304 ft (93 m) and a crest length of 1,023 ft (312 m)
- It contains 326,000 cubic yards (249,000 m³) of concrete. The dam impounded Putah Creek to cover the former town of Monticello and flood Berryessa Valley to create Lake Berryessa, the second-largest lake in California
- The capacity of the reservoir is 1,602,000 acre•ft (1,976,000 dam³). Water from the reservoir is supplied mostly to the North Bay area of San Francisco
- The dam is noted for its classic, uncontrolled spillway with a rate of 48,400 cubic feet per second (1370 m³/s) and a diameter at the lip of 72 ft (22 m).

Source: Wikipedia

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation


SOURCES
- Wikipedia: Spillways
- Wikipedia: Ladybower Resevoir
- Wikipedia: Monticello Dam

Photograph by Keartona

Photograph by Ian Stuart Armstrong

Photograph by Spider Bob

Photograph by Carl McCabe

Photograph by ChezyNickAnnie

Photograph by Wedesoft

Photograph by Martin Roberts

At first glance you might mistake a bell-mouth spillway for a watery vortex into another dimension. What can only be described as a giant hole in the water is actually a method for controlling the release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area. These spillways help prevent floods from ‘dam’-aging or destroying a dam.

Photograph by The Cat’s Place


SPILLWAYS

- A spillway is a structure used to provide for the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically being the river that was dammed
- Spillways release floods so that the water does not overtop and damage or even destroy the dam. Except during flood periods, water does not normally flow over a spillway
- In contrast, an intake is a structure used to release water on a regular basis for water supply, hydroelectricity generation, etc.
- Floodgates and fuse plugs may be designed into spillways to regulate water flow and dam height
- Other uses of the term “spillway” include bypasses of dams or outlets of a channels used during highwater, and outlet channels carved through natural dams such as moraines

Source: Wikipedia

Photograph by Jon Bradbury

Photograph by Traqopodaros


BELL-MOUTH SPILLWAYS

- Some spillways are designed like an inverted bell so that water can enter all around the perimeter. These uncontrolled spillway devices are also called: morning glory, plughole, glory hole, or bell-mouth spillways
- In areas where the surface of the reservoir may freeze, bell-mouth spillways are normally fitted with ice-breaking arrangements to prevent the spillway from becoming ice-bound

Source: Wikipedia

Photograph by David Wilby

Photograph by Buster Bakewell


LADYBOWER RESEVOIR

- The images above are from the spillways located at the Ladybower Resevoir
- The Ladybower Reservoir is a large Y-shaped reservoir, the lowest of three in the Upper Derwent Valley in Derbyshire, England
- The River Ashop flows into the reservoir from the west; the River Derwent flows south, initially through Howden Reservoir, then Derwent Reservoir, and finally through Ladybower Reservoir
- Its longest dimension is just over 3 miles (5km), and at the time of construction it was the largest reservoir in Britain (1943)

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation


MONTICELLO DAM

- The Monticello Dam is a dam in Napa County, California, United States constructed between 1953 and 1957
- It is a medium concrete-arch dam with a structural height of 304 ft (93 m) and a crest length of 1,023 ft (312 m)
- It contains 326,000 cubic yards (249,000 m³) of concrete. The dam impounded Putah Creek to cover the former town of Monticello and flood Berryessa Valley to create Lake Berryessa, the second-largest lake in California
- The capacity of the reservoir is 1,602,000 acre•ft (1,976,000 dam³). Water from the reservoir is supplied mostly to the North Bay area of San Francisco
- The dam is noted for its classic, uncontrolled spillway with a rate of 48,400 cubic feet per second (1370 m³/s) and a diameter at the lip of 72 ft (22 m).

Source: Wikipedia

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Photograph by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

Photograph by Keartona

Photograph by Ian Stuart Armstrong

Photograph by Spider Bob

Photograph by Carl McCabe

Photograph by ChezyNickAnnie

Photograph by Wedesoft

Photograph by Martin Roberts

1. Ferrari World, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Slated to open in late 2010, the first Ferrari theme park will also be the world’s largest indoor park—more than two million square feet. Among other high-octane highlights, expect to find the world’s fastest roller coaster (traveling more than 130 mph at 180 feet through the roof and back) as well as the world’s biggest Ferrari logo—a 200-foot-long rooftop sign. Fans can race each other in Ferrari F430 Spider replicas. (There’s a computer override option for overzealous drivers.)

Whatever your interest or taste for fun, chances are there’s a theme park created with you in mind. And Holy Land aside, many of the odder options are located overseas. From re-created 19th-century Dickensian towns to an imagination of Buddhist heaven, offbeat theme parks offer insights into culture rarely found from hobnobbing with life-size characters or riding a run-of-the-mill Ferris wheel. “Even if you’re seeking out the strange and delicious, theme parks always hold the potential for unique and memorable experiences,” says Gene Jeffers, the executive director of Themed Entertainment Association (TEA), an international organization that represents park creators.

15 photos

2. Suoi Tien Park, Vietnam

Located on a sacred site, this righteous park is meant to simulate Buddhist heaven. Filled with godlike statues (a one-acre-round giant frog, a 300-ton dragon head), it also features an aquarium, 1,500 crocodiles (symbols of victory) in its Crocodile Kingdom, and a Secrets of the Sorcerers Jungle, where visitors encounter evil ogres, monsters, and larger-than-life scorpions (symbols of transformation). Unicorn Palace (a.k.a. 18 Gates of Hell) may sound innocuous, but the mythic creatures are actually gatekeepers to the underworld. The freezing dungeon-like complex includes screams, murder tableaux, and repentant tourists.

3. Crocosaurus Cove, Darwin, Australia

Nothing says family vacation like a spin in the Cage of Death. At this reptile-themed spot, thrill-seekers can ogle massive crocodiles up close from behind an acrylic barrier, submerged in a saltwater croc tank. Slightly tamer offerings include good old-fashioned croc fishing, where children and adults taunt baby crocodiles with baited fishing poles. After bonding with these dangerous majestic creatures, stop by the shop to purchase an authentic crocodile skin.

4. Dwarf Empire, Kunming, China

15 World’s Most Bizarre Theme Parks

By Tabi on June 8, 2010

1. Ferrari World, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Slated to open in late 2010, the first Ferrari theme park will also be the world’s largest indoor park—more than two million square feet. Among other high-octane highlights, expect to find the world’s fastest roller coaster (traveling more than 130 mph at 180 feet through the roof and back) as well as the world’s biggest Ferrari logo—a 200-foot-long rooftop sign. Fans can race each other in Ferrari F430 Spider replicas. (There’s a computer override option for overzealous drivers.)

Whatever your interest or taste for fun, chances are there’s a theme park created with you in mind. And Holy Land aside, many of the odder options are located overseas. From re-created 19th-century Dickensian towns to an imagination of Buddhist heaven, offbeat theme parks offer insights into culture rarely found from hobnobbing with life-size characters or riding a run-of-the-mill Ferris wheel. “Even if you’re seeking out the strange and delicious, theme parks always hold the potential for unique and memorable experiences,” says Gene Jeffers, the executive director of Themed Entertainment Association (TEA), an international organization that represents park creators.

15 photos

2. Suoi Tien Park, Vietnam

Located on a sacred site, this righteous park is meant to simulate Buddhist heaven. Filled with godlike statues (a one-acre-round giant frog, a 300-ton dragon head), it also features an aquarium, 1,500 crocodiles (symbols of victory) in its Crocodile Kingdom, and a Secrets of the Sorcerers Jungle, where visitors encounter evil ogres, monsters, and larger-than-life scorpions (symbols of transformation). Unicorn Palace (a.k.a. 18 Gates of Hell) may sound innocuous, but the mythic creatures are actually gatekeepers to the underworld. The freezing dungeon-like complex includes screams, murder tableaux, and repentant tourists.

3. Crocosaurus Cove, Darwin, Australia

Nothing says family vacation like a spin in the Cage of Death. At this reptile-themed spot, thrill-seekers can ogle massive crocodiles up close from behind an acrylic barrier, submerged in a saltwater croc tank. Slightly tamer offerings include good old-fashioned croc fishing, where children and adults taunt baby crocodiles with baited fishing poles. After bonding with these dangerous majestic creatures, stop by the shop to purchase an authentic crocodile skin.

4. Dwarf Empire, Kunming, China

Located on a hilltop in southern China and opened in September 2009, this pint-size park is almost entirely staffed—from entertainers to janitors—by people less than four feet tall. The 100 or so employees live in miniature domed houses and eat on site, but this is no utopia: the for-profit enterprise puts on costumed spectacles (think break dancing, ballet, and gourd instruments) for the hundreds of tourists who flood the place daily. The small town operates like it is, in fact, an empire, complete with an empress and emperor who oversee the commune’s parliament.

5. Grutas Park, Lithuania

Opened in 2001, this park near the southern Belarus border won the offbeat Ig Nobel Peace Prize for improbable research from Harvard; the two-mile-long playground and zoo is wrapped in an homage to the Soviet regime. Nicknamed Stalin World, it showcases icons stripped of their political power; visitors gawk at the Terror Sphere, featuring statues of Communist Party leaders and imitation watchtowers and trenches. Wisely, the park nixed the idea of carting guests around on a gulag train. The Nostalgia menu at the on-site restaurant offers Soviet-themed dishes, like the Goodbye Youth chop of mystery meat.

6. Shijingshan Amusement Park, Beijing

At this trademark-skirting park in western Beijing—where a banner over the entrance proclaims: “Disneyland is too far”—there’s a replica of Sleeping Beauty’s castle (with less sparkle and more Communist-brick realism); live character doppelgangers of Shrek, Donald Duck, and Minnie Mouse; and even a copy of Epcot’s dimpled globe. Opened in 1986, the park caught Disney’s attention for its infringements only in 2007. The copycatting is not limited to Disney icons; Hello Kitty knockoffs often mingle with Loony Tunes’s Bugs Bunny.

7. Harmony Land, Japan

Welcome to popular Japanese children’s character (and lifestyle brand) Hello Kitty’s world, where visitors can check out the friendly feline’s castle, take a boat ride through her friends’ cavernous underground apartments, and soar on a Ferris wheel of character heads. The “Time Machine of Dreams,” a 20-minute 3-D and special effects–filled show, even has scented seats for the full sweet Hello Kitty experience. Don’t miss the classic “Fantasy Night Show,” with fairies, laser beams, and a song about “the importance of life.”

8. BonBon-Land, Denmark

Named after a popular line of Danish candies, this 33-acre amusement park in southern Denmark is rife with depictions of bodily functions—vomiting rats, lactating cows, and urinating ants. The disgusting animal theme may be tied directly to the candy names like “bird droppings” and “dead flies,” but the park’s rides are definitely family-friendly. After all, six-year-olds do have a great appreciation for bathroom humor. Take a ride on the Hundeprut roller coaster, a tame 18 mph ride just 15 feet off the ground. (The name, not surprisingly, has to do with a bodily function.)

9. Dickens World, England

Ever want to enter a world full of hunger, hackneyed accents, and criminals on the run? This 75,000-square-foot re-creation of a 19th-century Dickensian town, opened in 2007, fits the bill; you can tour the Marshalsea Prison, take old-time photographs at Peerybingle’s Pawnbrokers, or ogle animatronic characters at the modern Britania Theatre with your little literary buff. The most popular ride, the Great Expectations Boat Ride, replicates lovable convict Magwitch’s escape from prison.

10. Love Land, Cheju Island, South Korea

Located off the southern coast of South Korea, this sex-themed site was conceived in 2004 as a way to teach Korean newlyweds about conjugal love. The island—a longtime honeymoon destination for couples (many of whom have entered into arranged marriages)—draws countless curious twosomes who come to stroll among 140 amorous sculptures, see explicit exhibitions, and watch sex-ed films. Take a ride on an “interactive” self-pleasuring bicycle, jerry-rigged with feathers on its wheel.

11. Diggerland, England

With four locations covering 250 acres across England, this construction-themed franchise pairs children with heavy machinery. More than 200,000 hoe enthusiasts large and small visit each year, flocking to rides like the Spindizzy, a converted digger that spins around with riders strapped into the elevated bucket. Dump-truck racers must be at least 17 but need only an “idea of how to drive.” The park has its own backhoe stunt team, the Dancing Diggers, which performs private shows.

12. Parque Jaime Duque, Bogotá, Colombia

Built by the Colombian aviation pioneer Jaime Duque Grisales as a gift to Colombians, 37 miles north of the capital, the park has some 30 head-scratching attractions. A sculpture garden showcases 700 bizarre statues, including a giant “hand of god” holding a sphere, amid miniaturized Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and a “Dante’s Inferno” boat ride. Perhaps strangest of all is its phenomenal music venue, which draws top artists like Moby and Guns N’ Roses. Don’t miss the torchless, naked male version of the Statue of Liberty that towers over the ancient icons at the park’s northwest edge.

13. Holy Land Experience, Orlando, FL

Nothing against religious reenactments, but when a blood-smeared Jesus sings into his head-mike from the cross, things start to get creepy. This park (which lies just 11 miles from Disney) features Celebrate Jesus Karaoke, Caucasian actors playing Middle Eastern street vendors, and colorful dancing fountains. Profiled in the Bill Maher documentary Religulous, it draws thousands of people every year. Tourists can share in the Last Supper with Jesus and his disciples.

14. Dubailand, Dubai, UAE

Behold Dubailand, a three-billion-square-foot outdoor oasis from Tatweer (a government-owned real-estate investment firm) that improbably marries animatronic dinosaurs with a Tiger Woods–branded golf resort and the world’s largest water park (with man-made beach and reef, of course). Falcon City of Wonders features lifelike reconstructions of the Pyramids, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Eiffel Tower, Taj Mahal, and Tower of Pisa.

15. World Water Park, Alberta, Canada

World Waterpark is the world’s largest indoor waterpark with a size of over 20 hectares (60 acres). The World Waterpark opened to public in 1986. It is located in the West Edmonton Mall in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, which is the fifth largest shopping mall in the world. It has a maximum capacity of 40000 guests, an average temperature for the water of 30 – 33oC, and is the world’s largest indoor wave pool holding 80 million litres. The park is known for its high-speed waterslide called the Skyscreamer, which is often mistaken as the park’s tallest slide at 78 ft (24 m). Five seconds is the approximate length of time it takes to travel the length of the Sky Screamer. The highest slide in the park is the Twister, which is 83 feet (25 m) high.